Gukoresha amatafari ya Corundum yahujwe mu itanura rishongesha ikirahure

Amatafari ya corundum yakuwemoAlumina yashongeshejwe mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi hanyuma igashyirwa mu gishushanyo cyihariye cy’imiterere runaka, igashyirwa mu cyuma gishyushye kandi kigatunganywa kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro wifuza. Uburyo rusange bwo gukora ni ugukoresha alumina ifite calcium nyinshi (irenga 95%) n’inyongera nke, ugashyira ibikoresho mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi, hanyuma ukabishyira mu bikoresho byateguwe nyuma yo gushongeshwa ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 2300 ° C, hanyuma ukabishyira mu bushyuhe. Nyuma yo gushongeshwa, irakurwamo, kandi ahantu hakuwemo hahinduka umusaruro wujuje ibisabwa nyuma yo gukora neza, guteranya no gusuzuma.

Amatafari ya corundum avanze agabanyijemo ubwoko butatu hakurikijwe imiterere itandukanye ya kristu n'ingano ya alumina: iya mbere ni α-Al2O3 nk'igice cy'ingenzi cya kristu, cyitwa amatafari ya α-corundum; iya kabiri ni α-Al2. Icyiciro cya kristu cya O3 na β-Al2O3 ahanini kiri mu gipimo kimwe, cyitwa amatafari ya αβ corundum; ubwoko bwa gatatu ahanini ni ibice bya kristu bya β-Al2O3, byitwa amatafari ya β corundum. Amatafari ya corundum avanze akunze gukoreshwa mu matanura ashongesha ikirahure ahuza ibidukikije ni ubwoko bwa kabiri n'ubwa gatatu, ari bwo amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze na β corundum. Iyi ngingo izibanda ku miterere ya fiziki n'imiti by'amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze na β corundum ndetse n'ikoreshwa ryayo mu matanura ashongesha ikirahure ahuza ibidukikije.

1. Isesengura ry'imikorere y'amatafari ya corundum yahujwe

1. 1 Itafari rya αβ corundum ryahujwe

Amatafari ya αβ corundum agizwe na α-Al2 O3 na β-Al2 O3 50%, kandi kristu zombi zifatanye kugira ngo zikore imiterere ikomeye cyane, ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese ya alkali. Ubudahangarwa bwo kurwanya ingese ku bushyuhe bwinshi (hejuru ya 1350°C) ni bubi gato kurusha amatafari ya AZS avanze, ariko ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya 1350°C, kudahangarwa kwayo na ingese ku kirahure gishongeshejwe bingana n'amatafari ya AZS avanze. Kubera ko idafite Fe2 O3, TiO2 n'indi myanda, ikirahure cya matrix ni gito cyane, kandi ibintu by'amahanga nk'udupira ntibikunze kubaho iyo bihuye n'ikirahure gishongeshejwe, ku buryo ikirahure cya matrix kitazahumana.

Amatafari ya αβ corundum yakuwemo umwuka ni menshi mu buryo bw'ubushyuhe kandi afite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese ku birahure bishongeshejwe biri munsi ya 1350°C, bityo akoreshwa cyane mu gishanga cy'ubushyuhe n'ahandi hantu hashongeshwa ibirahure, akenshi mu matara yo kumesa imyenda, amatafari yo ku minwa, amatafari yo ku irembo, n'ibindi. Amatafari ya corundum yakuwemo umwuka ku isi akorwa neza na Toshiba yo mu Buyapani.

1.2 Itafari rya β corundum ryahujwe

Amatafari ya β-corundum avanze agizwe hafi 100% na β-Al2 O3, kandi afite imiterere minini isa na β-Al2 O3. Ni manini kandi nta mbaraga afite. Ariko ku rundi ruhande, afite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'imvura, cyane cyane ko agaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese nyinshi ku mwuka ukomeye wa alkali, bityo akoreshwa mu miterere yo hejuru y'itanura rishongesha ikirahure. Ariko, iyo ashyushye mu kirere gifite alkali nkeya, azagira ingaruka kuri SiO2, kandi β-Al2O3 izabora byoroshye bigatuma ingano igabanuka igatera imiturire n'imyanya, bityo ikoreshwa ahantu kure y'aho ibikoresho by'ibanze by'ibirahure bikwirakwira.

1.3 Imiterere y'umubiri n'imiti by'amatafari ya corundum ya αβ na β avanze

Imiterere y'imiti y'amatafari ya corundum ya α-β na β igizwe ahanini na Al 2 O 3, itandukaniro riri ahanini mu miterere ya kristale, kandi itandukaniro mu miterere ya micro rituma habaho itandukaniro mu miterere ya fiziki n'iya shimi nk'ubucucike bw'ibintu byinshi, ingano y'ubushyuhe, n'imbaraga zo gukanda.

2. Gukoresha amatafari ya corundum avanze mu itanura rishongesha ikirahure

Hasi no ku rukuta rw'ikidendezi byombi bihura n'amazi y'ikirahure. Ku bice byose bihura n'amazi y'ikirahure, ikintu cy'ingenzi cy'ibikoresho birwanya ingese ni ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu, ni ukuvuga ko nta mpungenge y'imiti ibaho hagati y'ibikoresho birwanya ingese n'amazi y'ikirahure.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, mu gusuzuma ibipimo by'ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho bivanze bihura n'ibirahure bishongeshejwe, hiyongereyeho imiterere ya shimi, ibipimo by'umubiri n'ibinyabutabire, hamwe n'imiterere y'amabuye y'agaciro, ibipimo bitatu bikurikira bigomba kandi gusuzumwa: igipimo cyo kurwanya isuri mu kirahure, igipimo cy'ibibyimba byashongeshejwe n'igipimo cy'ubushyuhe bwashongeshejwe.

Bitewe n’uko ibisabwa ku bwiza bw’ibirahure biri hejuru kandi ubushobozi bw’itanura bukaba bwinshi, ikoreshwa ry’amatafari y’amashanyarazi avanze rizaba rinini. Amatafari avanze akunze gukoreshwa mu matanura ashongesha ibirahure ni amatafari ya AZS series (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2 ) avanze. Iyo ubushyuhe bw’amatafari ya AZS buri hejuru ya 1350℃, ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwangirika bungana inshuro 2 ~ 5 z’amatafari ya α β -Al 2 O 3. Amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze agizwe n’uduce duto twa α-alumina (53%) na β-alumina (45%), arimo uduce duto tw’ikirahure (hafi 2%), kuzuza imyenge iri hagati ya kristu, hamwe n’ubuziranenge bwinshi, kandi ashobora gukoreshwa nk’igice cyo gukonjesha amatafari yo ku rukuta rw’ikidendezi n’igice cyo gukonjesha hasi. Amatafari n’amatafari adodeshwa n’ibindi.

Ibigize amabuye y'agaciro y'amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze birimo gusa ingano nto y'ibirahure, bitazavamo ngo bihumanye amazi y'ikirahure mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha, kandi birwanya ingese neza kandi birwanya ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 1350 ° C. Ni igice gikonjesha cy'itanura rishongesha ikirahure. Ni ibikoresho byiza byo kugabanya inkuta z'ibigega, hasi mu bigega no mu kumesa amatafari ashongesha ikirahure avanze. Mu mushinga w'ubuhanga mu gushongesha ikirahure, amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze akoreshwa nk'itafari ryo ku rukuta rw'ikigega cy'igice gikonjesha cy'itanura rishongesha ikirahure. Byongeye kandi, amatafari ya αβ corundum avanze akoreshwa no mu matafari yo ku muhanda no mu gupfuka amatafari yo gupfuka mu gice gikonjesha.

Itafari rya β corundum rivanze ni ikintu cyera kigizwe na kristu β-Al2 O3 zikomeye, zirimo 92% ~ 95% Al 2 O 3, ni munsi ya 1% y'ikirahure, kandi imbaraga zacyo mu miterere ni nke bitewe n'urukuta rwa kristu rurerure. Hasi, porosity igaragara ni munsi ya 15%. Kubera ko Al2O3 ubwayo yuzuyemo sodiyumu iri hejuru ya 2000°C, irakomera cyane mu guhangana n'umwuka wa alkali ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo nabwo burakomera cyane. Ariko, iyo ihuye na SiO2, Na 2 O iri muri β-Al 2 O 3 irabora kandi ikagira ingaruka kuri SiO2, kandi β-Al 2 O 3 ihinduka byoroshye muri α-Al 2 O 3, bigatuma ingano nini igabanuka, bigatera imiturire no kwangirika. Kubwibyo, ikwiriye gusa inyubako zidasanzwe ziri kure y'umukungugu wa SiO2 uguruka, nk'inyubako idasanzwe y'ikidendezi cy'itanura rishongesha ikirahure, umuyoboro uri inyuma y'agace gashongesha ikirahure n'igisenge cyaryo kiri hafi, uburyo bwo kugorora itara rito n'ibindi bice.

Kubera ko idahura n'ibintu bihindagurika bya alkali metal oxides, nta kintu na kimwe gishongeshejwe kizava ku butaka bw'amatafari ngo cyanduze ikirahuri. Mu itanura rishongesha ikirahuri, bitewe n'uko inzira y'amazi yinjira mu gice gikonjesha igabanuka, biroroshye gutera umwuka wa alkali hano, bityo umuyoboro w'amazi hano ukozwe mu matafari ya β avanze kandi adashobora kwangirika n'umwuka wa alkali.

3. Umwanzuro

Ishingiye ku miterere myiza y'amatafari ya corundum avanze mu bijyanye no kurwanya isuri y'ibirahure, kurwanya ifuro, no kurwanya amabuye, cyane cyane imiterere yayo yihariye ya kristu, ntabwo yanduza ikirahure gishongeshejwe. Hari akamaro gakomeye mu mukandara wo gukaraba, igice cyo gukonjesha, ikirundo, itanura rito n'ibindi bice.